Accelerated Degradation Test and Predictive Failure Analysis of B10 Copper-Nickel Alloy under Marine Environmental Conditions

This paper studies the corrosion behavior of B10 copper-nickel alloy in marine environment. Accelerated degradation test under marine environmental conditions was designed and performed based on the accelerated testing principle and the corrosion degradation mechanism. With the prolongation of marine corrosion time, the thickness of Cu₂O film increased gradually. Its corrosion product was Cu₂(OH)₃Cl, which increased in quantity over time. Cl⁻ was the major factor responsible for the marine corrosion of copper and copper alloy. Through the nonlinear fitting of corrosion rate and corrosion quantity (corrosion weight loss), degradation data of different corrosion cycles, the quantitative effects of two major factors, i.e., dissolved oxygen (DO) and corrosion medium temperature, on corrosion behavior of copper alloy were analyzed. The corrosion failure prediction models under different ambient conditions were built. One-day corrosion weight loss under oxygenated stirring conditions was equivalent to 1.31-day weight loss under stationary conditions, and the corrosion rate under oxygenated conditions was 1.31 times higher than that under stationary conditions. In addition, corrosion medium temperature had a significant effect on the corrosion of B10 copper sheet.     

80岁以上高龄患者肺部感染并发老年多器官功能不全综合征的临床研究

目的 探讨＞80岁的高龄患者肺部感染并发老年多器官功能不全综合征（MODSE）的临床特点。方法 对2006年1月至2013年12月在解放军白求恩国际和平医院住院的97例＞80岁的肺部感染并发MODSE患者进行回顾性调查，分析所患慢性基础疾病及受损器官情况。结果 97.94%的病例患有＞3种慢性基础疾病，最多者患有10种慢性基础疾病。12.37%的病例处于衰竭前期，87.63%的病例处于衰竭期。45.36%的病例受损器官≥4个，最多者受损器官达到6个；受损器官以肺、心、肾、外周循环、胃肠等较为常见，肺受损病例最多、占87.63%；在受损器官中，肺、心、胃肠、外周循环等器官＞90%处于衰竭期。首衰器官涉及肺、心、肾、胃肠等4个器官，以肺居首位；原有功能不全的器官首衰率高于原有功能正常的器官（P＜0.05）。结论 ＞80岁的高龄患者肺部感染并发MODSE，具有合并慢性基础疾病多、受损器官多、器官受损程度重等特点。首衰器官以肺居首位，其他原有功能不全的器官也有较高的首衰率。     

双心室起搏兼顾房室结优先使QRS波进一步变窄的研究

目的：探索在接受抗心衰起搏治疗的患者中,通过双室起搏兼顾房室结优先,力求QRS波进一步变窄的可能性和方法学。方法：选取2008年5月～2012年12月入选昆明医科大学一附院心内科收住入院,确诊为慢性充血性心力衰竭、有CRT-P/D适应证并成功植入抗心衰三腔起搏器的患者60例(男47例、女13例、平均年龄63.87±9.29岁)。术后随访期内,所有患者均分别给予双室起搏兼顾房室结优先和传统双室起搏两种CRT工作模式。比较兼顾模式和传统模式在心电图QRS波宽度上的差异。结果：60例患者的CRT系统在静息状态下,均可借助程控仪和12导体表心电图监测,实现传统和兼顾两种CRT工作模式(成功率100%)。且两种CRT工作模式的QRS波平均宽度均分别小于CRT术前(115.78±19.30ms和137.03±19.76ms与155.72±28.78ms,P均<0.01)。静息状态下,兼顾模式的QRS波平均宽畸程度低于传统模式,QRS波平均时限短于传统模式(115.78±19.30ms与137.03±19.76ms,P<0.01)。兼顾模式的QRS波平均宽度较传统模式减少15.5%。结论：传统CRT工作模式强调100%双室起搏夺获,弃用自身房室传导,造成QRS波偏宽畸,可能是部分患者对CRT无应答的原因之一。     

The role of neutrophil gelatinase associated lipocalin (NGAL) as biological constituent linking depression and cardiovascular disease

Depression is more common in patients with cardiovascular disease than in the general population. Conversely, depression is a risk factor for developing cardiovascular disease. Comorbidity of these two pathologies worsens prognosis. Several mechanisms have been indicated in the link between cardiovascular disease and depression, including inflammation. Systemic inflammation can have long-lasting effects on the central nervous system, which could be associated with depression. NGAL is an inflammatory marker and elevated plasma levels are associated with both cardiovascular disease and depression. While patients with depression show elevated NGAL levels, in patients with comorbid heart failure, NGAL levels are significantly higher and associated with depression scores. Systemic inflammation evokes NGAL expression in the brain. This is considered a proinflammatory effect as it is involved in microglia activation and reactive astrocytosis. Animal studies support a direct link between NGAL and depression/anxiety associated behavior. In this review we focus on the role of NGAL in linking depression and cardiovascular disease.     

The comparison of animal models for premature ovarian failure established by several different source of inducers

The objective of this study was to compare premature ovarian failure animal models established by several different source of inducers. Female ICR mice, KM mice, and SD rats were treated by cyclophosphamide at 120 mg/kg, busulfan at 12 mg/kg, cisplatin at 3 or 4 mg/kg, 4-vinylcyclohexene diepoxide at 160 mg/kg, 35% galactose food pellet, and tripterygium glycosides at 50 mg/kg, respectively. Parameters were analyzed by body weight, serum concentration level of related hormones, ovarian and uterine pathological examination. The results indicated the body weight of mice increased very slowly following single dose of cyclophosphamide (p < 0.05) with damaged ovary; repeated doses of cisplatin could induce body weight significantly decreased (p < 0.01) with a rising trend of serum LH concentration, declining tendency of serum E2 concentration and injured ovary and uterus; 4-vinylcyclohexene diepoxide also hindered the mice growing (p < 0.05) with damaged ovary and uterus; the body weight of mice feed by 35% galactose food pellet increased slowly (p < 0.05) with dramatically higher serum concentration level of galactose, albumin, and total protein (p < 0.001) and injured ovary. Busulfan and tripterygium glycosides did not present obvious evidences. In conclusion, the inducers presented their respective features in such animal models and should be appropriately applied in preventive methods.